One of the most common questions we hear from small business owners right now is whether they should use Section 179 or bonus depreciation to write off a major purchase, and whether the bonus depreciation rules that caused so much confusion in 2024 and 2025 have changed for the current tax year. The short answer is that bonus depreciation is still available in 2026, but it is not at the 100 percent level many owners remember from earlier years, and that gap matters more than most people realize when you are buying something as expensive as a work truck or a piece of heavy equipment.
Bonus depreciation dropped to 40 percent for assets placed in service in 2025 under the current phase-down schedule that has been working its way through the tax code since the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017. For 2026, that rate drops again to 20 percent unless Congress passes new legislation to extend or restore it. That means if you purchase a $100,000 piece of equipment and rely solely on bonus depreciation, only $20,000 of that cost is immediately deductible under the bonus rules, with the remainder depreciated over the standard recovery period for that asset class. Section 179, by contrast, still allows businesses to deduct the full purchase price of qualifying property in the year it is placed in service, up to the 2026 limit of $1,220,000, with a phase-out beginning when total asset purchases for the year exceed $3,050,000. For the overwhelming majority of small business owners, Section 179 is now the more powerful tool on paper, but there are situations where combining both still makes sense.
Vehicles are where this gets complicated, and they deserve their own explanation because the IRS applies separate luxury auto limits that cap how much you can deduct in the first year regardless of which method you use. For passenger vehicles placed in service in 2026, the first-year depreciation cap under the luxury auto rules sits at $12,400 if you take the standard depreciation, or $20,400 if the vehicle qualifies for bonus depreciation. Heavier vehicles, specifically SUVs and trucks with a gross vehicle weight rating above 6,000 pounds, are treated differently. They are not subject to the same luxury auto caps, which is why you often see tax advisors recommending them for business owners who need a vehicle deduction. An SUV over that weight threshold can potentially qualify for the full Section 179 deduction, though a separate $30,500 cap applies specifically to SUVs under Section 179, separate from the overall limit. A heavy pickup truck used more than 50 percent for business typically faces no such SUV-specific cap and can qualify for the full Section 179 amount, making it one of the most tax-efficient purchases a qualifying business can make in the current environment.
There are a few practical conditions that apply to both deductions that owners sometimes overlook. Section 179 cannot create a tax loss for your business, meaning the deduction is limited to your taxable business income for the year. If your business is not yet profitable or had a slow year, the remaining deduction carries forward to future years, but you do not get the immediate cash flow benefit you were counting on. Bonus depreciation has no such income limitation, which is one reason it is still useful in specific scenarios even at 20 percent. If your business is in a loss position and you want to carry that loss back or forward, bonus depreciation can still be applied. Another condition that applies to both is the business use requirement. Any asset must be used more than 50 percent for business purposes to qualify, and if that percentage drops in future years, the IRS can recapture part of the deduction you already took, which comes as an unpleasant surprise to owners who do not track their usage carefully.
The right answer for your business depends on your income this year, the type of asset you purchased, and whether any future legislation changes the bonus depreciation schedule before you file. These numbers move, and the difference between choosing the right method and the wrong one can easily be thousands of dollars. If you made a significant purchase in 2026 or you are planning one before December 31, it is worth getting a real conversation with a tax professional before you assume one approach is automatically better. That is exactly the kind of planning we do at Hasco Tax Advisors, remotely, for business owners across all 50 states, so you do not have to figure it out from a general article alone.